• Home
  • Browse Tenders
  • Pricing
  • How It Works
  • Contracts Finder Alternative
  • UK Procurement Pulse
  • Use Cases
  • Sectors
  • Blog
  • Knowledge Hub
  • Competitor Intelligence
  • Pipeline Intelligence
  • About
  • FAQ
  • Contact
  • Get Started Free
  • Sign In

What Is a Tender? A Plain English Guide

What is a tender?

A tender is a formal invitation to submit a bid for a contract. In the UK public sector, when a government body, council, NHS trust or other public authority needs to buy goods, services or works above a certain value, they are legally required to advertise the opportunity and invite competing suppliers to submit proposals. This process is called tendering.

The word "tender" is used in two ways: the invitation itself (called a tender notice or Invitation to Tender) and the response a supplier submits (their tender bid or tender submission).

How the tendering process works

Most public sector tenders follow a structured process:

  1. The buyer publishes a notice. This appears on platforms like Find a Tender or Contracts Finder. It outlines what they need, the contract value, and the submission deadline.
  2. Suppliers express interest. Depending on the procedure, suppliers may need to complete a Selection Questionnaire (SQ) or Pre-Qualification Questionnaire (PQQ) at this stage to demonstrate they meet minimum standards.
  3. Invitation to Tender (ITT). Shortlisted suppliers receive the full tender documents, including detailed specifications, evaluation criteria, and terms and conditions.
  4. Suppliers submit their bids. The buyer evaluates submissions against the stated criteria, usually on a combination of quality and price (known as the Most Economically Advantageous Tender, or MEAT).
  5. Contract award. The winning supplier is notified. For above-threshold contracts, award details are published publicly.

Public sector vs private sector tenders

Public sector tenders are governed by procurement law. Above certain value thresholds, contracts must be advertised openly so any qualified supplier can bid. Private sector companies can issue tenders too, but they have no legal obligation to advertise them publicly.

What types of organisations publish tenders?

UK public sector buyers include:

  • Central government departments (e.g. HMRC, DVLA, Home Office)
  • Local councils and combined authorities
  • NHS trusts and integrated care boards
  • Universities and further education colleges
  • Housing associations
  • Emergency services (police, fire, ambulance)
  • Arms-length bodies and executive agencies

Why tenders matter for UK businesses

UK public procurement is worth over £300 billion a year. That represents millions of contracts for IT services, construction, professional services, cleaning, healthcare, training, and hundreds of other categories. For a supplier with the right capabilities, winning even one public contract can transform their revenue pipeline and open doors to framework agreements worth far more.

The key challenge is finding relevant tenders before the deadline. TenderSignal monitors UK public sector feeds daily and sends email alerts when matching opportunities are published. Browse open tenders or set up a saved search to start receiving alerts.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between a tender and a bid?

A tender is the invitation issued by the buyer; a bid is the supplier's response to that invitation. You receive a tender and submit a bid.

Who can respond to public sector tenders?

Any business, regardless of size, can respond to a public tender as long as it meets the minimum qualification requirements. The UK government has a specific target to direct spending to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

How long does a tender process take?

Above-threshold public tenders typically run for 4 to 12 weeks from publication to contract award. More complex procurements can take several months.

What is an Invitation to Tender (ITT)?

An Invitation to Tender (ITT) is the full set of tender documents issued to shortlisted suppliers, containing the specification, evaluation criteria, pricing schedules, and terms and conditions.

Can I tender for government contracts as a sole trader?

Yes. There is no legal minimum company size for public sector tendering. Some contracts set financial thresholds such as minimum turnover, but these vary by contract.

Do I need to register anywhere to find tenders?

You can browse tenders on GOV.UK for free. TenderSignal lets you set up keyword alerts and receive matched opportunities by email without monitoring dozens of individual portals.

Back to Knowledge Hub · Start free

  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Contact
  • Sitemap